ABSTRACT
Összefoglaló. Bevezetés: A SARS-CoV-2-világjárvány idején a középiskolai oktatás távoktatás formájában zajlott világszerte, így Magyarországon is. A csökkent fizikai aktivitás és az inaktív viselkedésmódok növekedése az elhízás, a cukorbetegség és a szív- és érrendszeri betegségek fokozott kockázatához vezet. Célkituzés: Vizsgálatunk a fizikai aktivitás (aerob testmozgás, izomerosítés, csapatsportok) és az egészségi állapot szubjektív megítélésének változásaira irányult serdüloknél és fiatal felnotteknél a világjárvány alatt. Módszer: Középiskolás diákokat kérdeztünk meg 37 magyarországi város 66 állami iskolájában (n = 2508). A fizikai aktivitásra és az egészségi állapot szubjektív megítélésére vonatkozó kérdoíves tételeket a WHO Health Behaviour of School-aged Children Survey és a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Youth Risk Behavior Survey felmérésébol vettük át. 2 × 2 × 4 faktoriális ANCOVA-t használtunk a nem és/vagy az életkor, illetve a régiók hatásának tesztelése céljából a fizikai aktivitás és az egészségi állapot szubjektív megítélésének változásaira, a távoktatási idoszak elott és alatt. Eredmények: A középiskolás diákok többsége kevesebb fizikai aktivitást jelzett, a fizikai aktivitás gyakoriságának csökkenése volt jellemzo a távoktatás idoszakában. Átlagosan heti 2-3 nappal kevesebbszer végeztek fizikai aktivitást régiótól függetlenül. Közel egynegyedük az egészségi állapotát rosszabbnak minosítette a távoktatás alatt, mint elotte. Az egészségi állapot szubjektív csökkenésérol nagyobb arányban számoltak be azok, akik a fizikai aktivitásukban is csökkenést jeleztek. Következtetés: A távoktatás idoszakában tapasztalható csökkenés a fizikai aktivitás gyakoriságában együtt jár az egészségi állapot szubjektív megítélésének csökkenésével, különösen a lányok, a vidéken élok és a serdülo korú személyek körében. Orv Hetil. 2022; 163(17): 655-662. INTRODUCTION: High school education took place in the form of distance learning during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic worldwide, including Hungary. Decreased physical activity and an increase in inactive behaviours may lead to an increased risk of obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. OBJECTIVE: Our study focused on changes in physical activity (aerobic exercise, muscle strengthening, team sports) and subjective perceptions of health status in adolescents and young adults during the pandemic. METHOD: High school students in 66 public schools in 37 cities in Hungary (n = 2508) were surveyed. Questionnaire items on physical activity and subjective perceptions of health were adapted from the WHO Health Behaviour of School-aged Children Survey and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Youth Risk Behavior Survey. 2 × 2 × 4 factorial ANCOVA was used to test the effect of gender and/or age and region on changes in subjective perceptions of physical activity and health before and during distance education. RESULTS: The majority of the high school students reported a decrease in physical activity frequency during the distance learning period, with an average of 2-3 fewer days of physical activity per week regardless of region. Nearly a quarter of them rated their health as worse during distance learning than before. A higher proportion of those who reported a subjective decline in health also reported a decline in physical activity. CONCLUSION: A decline in physical activity during the period of distance learning is associated with a decline in subjective perceptions of health, especially among rural adolescent girls. Orv Hetil. 2022; 163(17): 655-662.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Adolescent , Child , Female , Health Status , Humans , Hungary , Pandemics , SARS-CoV-2 , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has posed unprecedented challenges for societies. Emerging data have indicated that the younger population are the most vulnerable group to the development of mental health problems during this pandemic. The present study aimed to examine the effects of the changes in health behaviors on mental health problems to identify an at-risk group among adolescents and young adults. METHODS: In the present cross-sectional study, secondary school students (N = 2556) ages 15-21 years participated in Hungary. A self-report questionnaire was developed to measure the changes in health behaviors. Mental health problems were measured by the Beck Hopelessness Scale and the 20-item UCLA Loneliness Scale. RESULTS: A significant proportion of the students showed moderate/severe hopelessness or high loneliness which were more pronounced among adolescent females. An at-risk group was identified among adolescents and young adults. Students who have a lower number of friends, spend less time in front of a screen, and feel lonely often/very often are more likely to have moderate/severe hopelessness with high loneliness. LIMITATIONS: All data were collected online, and students completed the questionnaires voluntarily. Cross-sectional, non-preregistered study. CONCLUSIONS: Loneliness and hopelessness were prevalent in the young population during the COVID-19 pandemic. The at-risk group of adolescents characterized by moderate/severe hopelessness with high loneliness highlights the need for follow-up mental health to avoid future poor mental and physical health. It is also recommended to develop effective interventions targeted to gender and age, with the promotion of resiliencies and buffers against vulnerabilities of negative life events.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Female , Humans , Adolescent , Young Adult , Adult , Loneliness/psychology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Mental Health , PandemicsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: High school education took place in the form of distance learning during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic worldwide, including Hungary. Decreased physical activity and an increase in inactive behaviours may lead to an increased risk of obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. AIM: Our study targeted changes in physical activity (aerobic exercise, muscle strengthening) and screen time in adolescents and young adults during the pandemic. METHODS: High school students were interviewed in 66 public schools in 37 Hungarian cities (N = 2508). Survey items on physical activity and screen time were derived from the WHO Health Behaviour of School-aged Children Survey and the Centers for Disease Control Youth Risk Behavior Survey. A 2 × 2 factorial ANCOVA was used to test the effects of gender (male vs. female) and/or age (adolescents vs. young adults) on the reported changes in physical activity and screen time before and during lockdown (covariate: BMI Z-score). RESULTS: The majority of the cohort indicated less physical activity. Aerobic and muscle-strengthening type of exercises significantly decreased, and screen time increased during distance education. Male individuals showed a higher decrease in the level of aerobic exercise, and young adults reported a higher increase in the time spent in front of the screen.